C26 · Chemical Industry
Stainless Steel Plates for Chemical Raw Materials and Chemical Products Manufacturing: 316L/904L Selection and 10 Part Lists
In chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing, we have compiled 10 parts using stainless steel: commonly used 316L / 904L / 2205, with thickness ranging from 0.4–200 mm.
Ten Parts List and Material Selection
| Part / Component | Recommended Grade | Specification / Thickness | Surface | Main Failure Modes | Reference Standards |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reactor Shell/Head | 316L/317L/904L/2205 | 6–50mm | 2B/Acid Wash/Laminate | Corrosion+Intergranular Corrosion+Stress Corrosion | NB/T 47008/47010；GB/T 3280；ASTM A240 |
| Reactor Liner/Foam Coating | 904L/AL-6XN/254SMO | Coating 2–6mm | 2B/Acid Wash | Base Steel Rapidly Fails After Carbon Steel Substrate Is Penetrated by Foaming Coating | NB/T 47002；ASTM A240 |
| Mixing Shaft/Mixer Blades | 316L/2205 | Shaft Diameter 30–200mm | Surface/2B | Torque+Corrosion Fatigue+Wear | GB/T 1220；GB/T 3280 |
| Shell-Plate Heat Exchanger Tubes | 316L/317L/904L/2507 | Tubes φ10–50mm; Wall Thickness 0.5–2.0mm | Laminate/Ash/Welding | Erosion-corrosion perforation: 316L stainless steel may fail in half a year in chloride-containing chemical cooling water; corrosion rate of 2507 tube plate + 904L tube bundle is extremely low after 18 months | GB/T 151；ASTM A240/A249；GB/T 4334 |
| Shell and tube heat exchangers | 316L/2507/904L | Tube plates 20-150mm thick | Finish/Acid pickling | Corrosion and fretting corrosion of tube plates and tube bundles | NB/T 47008；ASTM A240 |
| Plate-fin heat exchanger fins | 304/316L | 0.4–1.0mm | 2B/Patterned | Pointing erosion, fretting corrosion, and aging of sealing gaskets | GB/T 3280；NB/T 47004 |
| Process piping/Bends/Tees | 304L/316L/321/317L/310S | DN15–DN1200；Sch5S–160 | Pickling/2B | Erosion-corrosion, intergranular corrosion at welds, and thermal oxidation | GB/T 12771；GB/T 14976；ASTM A312 |
| Storage tanks/towers | 304L/316L/904L | 4–30mm | 2B/Acid pickling | Corrosion by medium and sedimentation in tank bottoms leading to fretting corrosion | NB/T 47003.1；GB/T 3280 |
| Valves (body/stem/sphere) | CF8/CF8M/316/2205/2507 | DN15–DN600 | Cast surface/Grooved surface/Tinned | Seat Erosion + Stem SCC + Pitting Corrosion | GB/T 12224；API 6D；ASTM A351/A995 |
| Flange/Nuts | 304316 L Stainless Steel, A2-70 Stainless Steel, A4-70 Stainless Steel, Duplex Stainless Steel | DN15–DN600；M8–M36 | Decarburization | Electrochemical Corrosion + Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking | GB/T 9115；GB/T 3098.6 |
Table containsStandard Configuration.Different parts of the same material may switch from 304 to 316L or 2205 based on usage conditions, which is more convenient than specifying grades directly.
Material Selection Tips
- Common Alloy Grades: 316L (7), 904L (5), 2205 (3)
- Corrosion Sources: Chlorides and Salts (Pitting, Crevice Corrosion) (3/10 hits)
- Welded Components: Watch for sensitization and chloride stress corrosion cracking (3/10 hits)
- Thickness Range: 0.4–200 mm (Consider Bending Rebound and Deep Drawing Fracture for Thin Sheets, Consider Heat Input and Sensitization for Thick Sheets)
Common Issues
Which Stainless Steel is Used Most in Chemical Raw Materials and Chemical Products Industries?
Top 10 Parts: 316L (7), 904L (5), 2205 (3) - Hit Rate: 3/10
What parts are most prone to failure?
By failure description, typical is "tube bundle in shell-and-tube heat exchangers": pitting corrosion perforation: ordinary 316L can fail after half a year in chloride-containing chemical cooling water; 2507 tube plate + 904L tube bundle results in very low corrosion rate after 18 months; recommended grades 316L/317L/904L/2507, size φ10–50mm tubes; thickness 0.5–2.0mm. This condition recommends specifying medium concentration, temperature, and cleaning method in the design phase.
What thickness should I choose?
Thickness range in the list is 0.4–200 mm. Thin plates consider forming and surface quality, thick plates consider welding and structural strength; different manufacturers may have different values for the same part based on your drawings or operating conditions. Recheck with your drawings or operating conditions.
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